Productive characteristics of sunflower genotypes irrigated with different levels of saline water

Sunflower is suitable for family farmers from Northeast Brazil who are benefited by the production of grain and oil and is adequate for crop rotation and for honey production. The need for irrigation in this region leads to the realization of this study for evaluating the production components of four sunflower genotypes irrigated with different levels of water salinity. The study was carried out in the municipality of Remigio, Paraíba, Brazil, using a randomized block with split plots experimental design in a 5 x 4 factorial arrangement. Treatments consisted of five electrical conductivity levels of the irrigation water at 25 °C (L1 - 0.14 (reservoir water), L2 - 1.50, L3 - 2.50, L4 - 3.50, and L5 - 4.50 dS m- 1), and four sunflower genotypes (C1 - Embrapa 122-V2000, C2 - Olisun 03, C3 - AG 963, and C4 - Multissol) with three replicates. The irrigation water salinity levels tested did not influence the variables studied. Different values of the variables among sunflower genotypes were due to characteristics inherent to each genotype. Sunflower genotype Olisun 03 presented the highest oil content, while the lowest content was observed in Multissol.

Acúmulo, exportação e restituição de nutrientes pelas bananeiras "Prata Anã" e "Grand Naine" / Accumulation, export and restitution of nutrients by 'Prata Anã' and 'Grand Naine' bananas

Conhecer o estado nutricional da parte colhida das plantas é importante para se analisar a qualidade do produto e a remoção de nutrientes da área de cultivo. Com tal objetivo, realizou-se este trabalho, visando-se avaliar os nutrientes exportados (engaço + frutos) e os restituídos ao solo de um bananal, no primeiro ciclo de produção. A pesquisa foi realizada entre junho/2004 e maio/2005 em um Cambissolo, em Limoeiro do Norte-CE, onde foram plantados dois blocos de amostragens com as cultivares "Grand Naine" e "Prata Anã". A partir do 30o dia após plantio e a cada 45 dias, foram amostradas e separadas, em suas diversas partes, as plantas de quatro touceiras, escolhidas aleatoriamente, para análise. A exportação de nutrientes pelo cacho da cultivar "Prata Anã" foi em ordem K>N>Ca>P>Mg, enquanto para a cultivar "Grand Naine" a seqüência foi K>Ca>N > P>Mg. Por ocasião da colheita, na touceira da "Prata Anã", foram acumulados, em média, 2,2 vezes mais nutrientes, comparada com a planta mãe, enquanto na "Grand Naine" essa relação, em média, foi de 1,2. Independente da cultivar, a ordem decrescente da quantidade de nutrientes restituídos ao solo foi K>Ca>N>Mg>P.

The knowledge about the content of nutrients in the harvested part of plants is important to assess the quality of product and the removal of the nutrients from the cultivated area. This research was carried out to evaluate the nutrients exported (rachis of the inflorescence + fruits), and restituted to the soil, in a banana plantation. The study was conducted during the period of June, 2004 to May, 2005, in an Inceptisol, in the municipality of Limoeiro do Norte, Ceará, where two blocks of samplings were planted with 'Grand Naine' and 'Prata Anã' cultivars. Starting from the 30 days after planting, at 45 days interval, plant samples were collected, harvesting four clumps in full competition, chosen at random for analysis. The sequence of nutrients exported by the bunch in case of 'Prata Anã' was K>N>Ca>P>Mg while in Grand Naine cultivar the sequence was of K>Ca>N>P>Mg. At harvest time, in the clumps of cv. Prata Anã were accumulated on an average 2.2 times more nutrients in comparison to mother plant while in the plants of Grand Naine such relation was 1.2 times. Independent of cultivar, the order of the amount of nutrients returned to the soil after the crop removal was K>Ca>N>Mg>P.